This book by Gabriel Allen examines the forces — cultural, racial, and structural — that have shaped tennis from its earliest days. It’s a perspective that challenges the sport’s familiar narratives.
Title/Author:
“Tennis
Tensions: Class, Race and Gender in the Evolution of the Sport” by Gabriel
Allen
Rating:
5 of 5 stars (excellent)
Review:
Tennis has long been
considered a game of the “country club crowd” (my words, not a quote from the
book). From the descriptions of its history to its unusual method of scoring to
the extremely slow pace of racial integration, the sport has done much to reinforce
that stereotype. This book by tennis professional and journalist Gabriel Allen
digs deeper into these aspects and a few more to show a different
interpretation of tennis history.
Each of the
items described above — the origins of the sport, integration, scoring — are
covered, as are other aspects such as amateur status and the Wimbledon
“tradition” of requiring players to wear all-white attire. Allen illustrates
how these reflect classism, racism, sexism, and homophobia. He refers to these
forces as the “white tennis unconscious” (WTU — my abbreviation used here)
throughout the book.
As a fairly
casual fan of the game who usually only watches the Grand Slam events, I was
surprised to see just how deeply these characteristics were embedded in tennis
and how the WTU shaped several aspects of the sport. The most surprising to me
was how the WTU can be expressed by a player, fan, or anyone describing the
type of play they prefer. Whether one prefers a serve‑and‑volley
style, a baseline game with groundstrokes, or a combination of the two, these
preferences can reflect the WTU rather than simply enjoying all types of play.
I was also surprised at first — though less so after reading the chapter on it — that the scoring system used in tennis is part of the WTU and maintained for its exclusivity. Several people in Allen’s sources note that tennis scoring is very difficult to explain and that it is unfair that a player can score more points than their opponent but still lose the match. Here is where I thought the best part of the entire book appeared: Allen’s proposal for scoring is simply to count points, with suggestions such as the first player to reach 60 being the winner, or possibly 100 in major events. Players alternate sides after five points and then every ten points thereafter. The serve would alternate after the first point and then every two points thereafter, the same as the current tiebreaker rules. So whoever serves the first point of the match would serve only one point, and then the serve would alternate every two points until someone reached the target score by a minimum margin of two points (1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2…). This ensures the principles of holding and breaking serve and prevents a player from winning without breaking serve at all. If the serve alternated every two points, whoever served first in the match would be able to reach the target score by a margin of two without having broken serve once.
In other topics illustrating the WTU, what struck me most was the chapter on GOATs (greatest of all time). I especially liked the brief biographies of two players who are often overlooked in these discussions — Ora Washington for women (a Black woman) and Ricardo González for men (a Latino man). The latter was better known as “Pancho Gonzales” (an Americanization of his true name), and the former is mostly ignored in history despite her many victories. Allen does a very good job of bringing these two players to life for readers.
As is the case
with many books on class, race, and gender, there are passages that may be
uncomfortable for readers who fall into classifications considered privileged.
However, instead of feeling lectured or shamed into guilt, those readers should
take this as an excellent history lesson and reflect on what it is about tennis
that they enjoy — and if those aspects fall into the WTU, what they can do to
help change this, whether the reader is a player, coach, fan, or someone who
simply loves the sport.
I wish to thank
Mr. Allen for providing a copy of the book. The opinions expressed in this
review are strictly my own.





